Nesquik - 921 Words

NESQUIK THE PROBLEM When Nestle introduced Nesquik Ready to Drink (RTD), it faced considerable challenges. The Nesquik RTD product was the latest entry into a competitive market vying for acceptance by perhaps the most difficult target to reach, males 12-24, a target that is always â€Å"on the go.† And even more daunting, Nesquik’s two major competitors historically outspent the brand in annual media expenditures. SOLUTION Devise an innovative media plan to overcome these challenges while leveraging the portability of the Nesquik RTD product to the mobile, male 12-24 market. Outdoor was considered an excellent medium to reach this â€Å"on the go† target. When we set out to launch our new plastic bottle we had the challenge of not only reaching†¦show more content†¦Objective: The primary objective was to generate awareness and interest in Nesquik RTD among the target audience, ultimately leading to increased volume and share for the brand. In particular, recognizing that Nesquik RTD is primarily an impulse purchase, the media plan sought to maximize impressions close to the purchase decision. Strategy: Universal McCann was assigned the task of designing an innovative media plan to overcome the challenges faced by Nesquik RTD. To accomplish this the agency focused on the peripatetic behavior and lifestyle of males 12-24 and sought out the appropriate media to reach this target. The overriding goal of the media plan was to leverage the mobility of the target with the portability of Nesquik RTD. Plan Details: Outdoor served as the anchor of the media plan. Emphasis was placed on outdoor because it provided the strong visual comm unication necessary to promote the unique packaging of Nesquik RTD. Outdoor also offered ideal placement opportunities to intercept and match the lifestyle of the target audience. A wide variety of outdoor products were used based on availability within each market. Spot radio was used to support the outdoor plan in all markets and to help create buzz about the product. The product rolled out in three phases in a total of 65 markets across the country. Phase one began in southeast marketsShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mix of Nesquick Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesNestle Nesquik Tina American Intercontinental University Abstract In this paper I will be writing about Nestle Nesquik. I will also be writing about the marketing mix, which is the four P’s, price, product, promotion and place. I will also tell you why I choose Nestle Nesquik. Finally, I will tell you why each for p is important when marketing Nestle Nesquik. Marketing Mix of Nestle Nesquik I choose the product Nestle Nesquik becauseRead MoreCase Studies on Kelloggs and Nestle Products2640 Words   |  11 PagesIn-store promotion delivered a sales uplift of 29% week on week. Nesquik Nestle NesQuik and Rare Medium Find Brand MarketingSuccess In Mini-Site Strategy; NesQuik... 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RCMS Suport Requirement of University of Southern California

University of Southern California (USC) established a system which provided some central resources to accommodate and support the requirements of the whole university. It was called RCMS. According to the university research committee report, RCM identified as an effective system. However, the committee stated that some modifications are required due to shortfalls of the system named as â€Å"perverse incentives†, including discouragement of innovations, raising the barriers on multidisciplinary researches, encouragement of multiplication of courses and encouragement of manipulation of the financial data. Discouragement of innovations was the main concern of the critics. The financial pressure imposed on deans was forcing them to be concern about the financial aspects of their decisions rather than focusing on main mission as leaders of an academic institution. This critique could be validated because the main objective of each academic organization is encouraging and expanding the new ideas which might not be profitable in the short term. However, neglecting these ideas will threaten the university’s long term profit. Raising the barriers on multidisciplinary research is the next concern. These types of researches require different perspectives, skills and expertise, which could only be acquired by a team work of a group of researchers from different faculties. The multidisciplinary barriers were high even before implementation of RCM. Therefore, blaming RCM as a barrier seems

Digital Disruption for Globalization and Technology -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDigital Disruption for Globalization and Technology. Answer: The world is said to be changing to be a global village (Karimi and Walter, 2015, 80). The reason behind that statement is the continuous growth of the technological invention in the world. Every minute, there are great minds somewhere inventing something that different sectors can use. One of the sectors that has really benefited from the technological invention is the business sector. Furthermore, thats why people invent so that they can earn a living and help the community at large to benefit from the invention. There will be forever inventions nowadays unlike the old days. Globalization and technology advancements leads to digital disruption. Digital disruption is the process by which new technologies affect the value of products and services generated by a certain company. It is a force that can never be stopped no matter what. It is a factor that is affecting the business nowadays. People are misguided thinking that digital disruption is negative, they are very wrong. If a busi ness fights digital disruption, thats the end of the company but when a business appreciates the trend and revolve together with technology, then the disruption will act positively to their market. When digital disruption happen, consumers taste changes hence customers will run to the company that will satisfy their needs. Case study The case study is based on the Kodak Company. Sometimes back it was the only and the leading photographic company in the world but later things changed (Bustamante, 2014, 820). The company enjoyed the merit of monopoly in the 20th century. It is clear that in the 20th century and during the company establishment, technology was way low compared to the recent decade. The Kodak company main products were filming, producing image frames, making of camera and printing among others. During those periods, the images that were taken and produced were white and black images or videos. The quality was way too low compared to nowadays. The cameras produced by this company were big and long. The images taken took sometime in the studio so that they could have been produced for viewing. Those days, this was the best such a Company could have done in terms of its products and services. Before the digital disruption on the Company, it was a beast and no other company had started producing its services (Downes and Mui, 2018, 00). According to the 20th century technology, it was the best company since no other film company produced the kind of services Kodak were providing. Thats the explanation why the company was on top. According to work centered analysis, there are the certain business process that were happening by then. The services and products were the best since there were no competitors. The company had customers all over the earth. It was one of the companies that enjoyed monopoly worldwide instead of just region monopoly. The clients and customers had no choice other than Kodak. Problems After series of digital disruption, the company experienced serious challenges (McQuivey, 2013, 00). When technology evolve, if a business does not recognize it, other business might adapt it and take the lead. The company forgot that the era of the 20th century was over and they were ignorant to know there were changes. Other companies like Sony took advantage and started producing cameras that were pocket friendly in terms of cost and size. The cameras that were being produced in the 21st century were producing images that were very clear and of high quality which took the color of the object. Kodak forgot that technology does not only change a company but also changes customers tastes and expectations. Customers seeing that the company was not producing the best, they shifted to other companies. Technology changes the business process of an organization. Technology changes the value of product and services (Productivity Commission, 2016, 00). All these brought problems to the Koda k Company. In the 21st century, the Company experienced major challenges on their services and products (Cunningham and Silver, 2012, 33). As indicated above, clients taste were changed due to technology and customers wanted quality. Customers wanted something better but the company failed to produce what the clients wanted. Clients shifted to other companies like Sony which gave better services than Kodak. Kodak tried to fight digital disruption which was not possible. One of the problems is that all their clients started going to other Film Companies. Customers are the primary aim of having a business. If customers started shifting, then their profit levels also reduced by a very great margin while their losses increased. The business processes were triggered but negatively since the company did not recognize one of the 6 elements of the WCA. Technology. In every business technology must change hence the business structure should be ready and flexible to change as technology advances, if that is not the case, then the business can only end up falling down (Doz and De Roover, 2017, 82). It is the year 2012 that the company was declared bankrupt and sold its assets to other companies which had appreciated digital disruption. The company ended there but tried to provide other kind of services. Recommendations There are certain things that Kodak would have streamlined to be able to hold its monopoly positions in the 21st century. One of the ways they would have changed is their reasoning. The management reasoned like half learned people by trying to fight technological inventions. In its decision to not change their products and to follow the olden ways, they would have invited people who are IT experts to help them see the important of appreciating the change. Their issue started the moment the Company tried to be ignorant and thought they know everything as they have always been doing. The management did not understand that people used their services because by then it was the only good services, if they went on with the trend of being the best they would have maintained the Company. Another recommendation is that the management should be reshuffled and be informed about technology (Bradley, et al. 2015, 00). The highest probability is that during the company failure, the management who were making the poor decisions were the same people who have been leading the companies in the old decades. They made the decision based on their past experiences without considering there are changes in business. If the management is reshuffled and be given to people who understand that technology has a very big impact to the business running, the Company can go back to its leading level since it already had a good reputation. One of the elements of the WCA is technology which affects all business processes and product value. The company should set aside some capital to establish an IT departments with all kind of professionals who can be responsible in producing products and services while at the same time giving technical advice and assistance. Today, things are changing daily, there is a high probability the IT team before in such a company were not equipped well since they failed to notice that there can be improvements in the services and product they deliver. The new team should be unique in terms of skill and innovation passion. Considering the current trend, to survive in the market, people need excellent products and services, if Kodak produces these services back, they can be ready to be giants again. Since change is inevitable, the only solution is to accept it and comply with the digital disruption. Implementation The recommendations can never be of use if there are no people responsible in reading and taking actions (Stewart, Schatz and Khare, 2017, 21). The main group responsible in the implementation is the management through the board of directors. They are the one that can make sure the people that were employed in the company are reshuffled and new put into place. Since they have witnessed the current trends, they can never ignore what is happening in the new world. The new management can be responsible in making sure, all the trends are well followed and the IT team is under the best management so that the CTO can always report back to the management on the current issues and what should be done and what shouldnt be done. It was also the work of the IT department to make sure they deliver the best (Sullivan, et al. 2016, 386). In such a company, these guys are the backbones. Whatever they deliver can make the company raise or fall. They should be under a good CTO who can really motivates his and her employees to come up with projects that can hit the market and reduce competition or if possible eliminate the competition. The better the products and services, the higher the number of customers and the higher the profit margins. In conclusion, digital disruption can either be positive or negative (Weill and Woerner. 2016, 66). It all depends on how the business welcomes the new inventions. If a business tries to fight the new technology then failure began from that point and the vice versa is true. Kodak being a monopoly for a very long period forgot that they can try and fight the new technology but they can never control the consumers interest while they operate in the past. Digital disruptions changes consumer tastes and expectations. The recommendations should be implemented by the concerned parties to help the organization rise again. All the elements of the WCA matters and if any is ignored, it can lead to the failure of the whole business. References Bradley, J., Loucks, J., Macaulay, J., Noronha, A. and Wade, M., 2015. Digital vortex: How digital disruption is redefining industries.Global Center for Digital Business Transformation: An IMD and Cisco initiative. Bustamante, E., 2014. Cultural industries in the digital age: some provisional conclusions.Media, Culture Society,26(6), pp.803-820. Cunningham, S.D. and Silver, J., 2012. On-line film distribution: Its history and global complexion. InDigital Disruption: Cinema Moves Online(pp. 33-66). St Andrews Film Studies, University of St Andrews. Downes, L. and Mui, C., 2018. Unleashing the killer app: digital strategies for market.Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge, MA. Doz, Y.L. and De Roover, B., 2017. Responding to Digital Disruption Through Alliances. Gilbert, R.J., 2015. E-books: A tale of digital disruption.Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(3), pp.165-84. Karimi, J. and Walter, Z., 2015. The role of dynamic capabilities in responding to digital disruption: A factor-based study of the newspaper industry.Journal of Management Information Systems,32(1), pp.39-81. McQuivey, J., 2013. Digital disruption: Unleashing the next wave of innovation. Productivity Commission, 2016. Digital Disruption: What do governments need to do?, Commission Research Paper, Canberra. Stewart, B., Schatz, R. and Khare, A., 2017. Making Sense of Digital Disruption Using a Conceptual Two-Order Model. InPhantom Ex Machina(pp. 3-21). Springer, Cham. Sullivan, C., Staib, A., Ayre, S., Daly, M., Collins, R., Draheim, M. and Ashby, R., 2016. Pioneering digital disruption: Australias first integrated digital tertiary hospital.The Medical journal of Australia,205(9), pp.386-389. Weill, P. and Woerner, S.L., 2016. Becoming better prepared for digital disruption.NACD Directorship, Washington, DC. March/April, pp.64-66.a

Positivity free essay sample

Last summer I packed my things into boxes and drove away. I left behind a loving group of people in the name of making happiness my priority. Living in the desert felt like dying. My whole being had been so incredibly weighed down by the toxic energy that I was surrounded by, the anger people unconsciously held in their bodies. I knew that it was time for me to make a change. I had to leave behind the intolerance and conservatism of the desert and welcome an environment of acceptance and love into my heart. It took three days to drive from Mesa, Arizona to Seattle, Washington. The pilgrimage was an exercise in releasing years of hurt and resentment. Finally, I reached the promise land. My mother and I had made it out. Our tiny, studio apartment could have been my castle. The longer I spent in my new city, the more my spirits rose and the more I grew excited in knowing that there were beautiful places all over the world just waiting for me to build the courage to get out and see them. We will write a custom essay sample on Positivity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was overcome by an overwhelming sense of positivity. I threw myself into creating. I began writing my first novel. I interviewed for and got an internship with Broadway Bound Children’s Theatre. I finally felt that I was heading in the right direction. I became interested in the idea of public image. I felt that in social media I held a great ability to influence people, to gift them a piece of the positivity that I was reveling in. I became more aware of my interactions with people offline. It became important to me that every interaction I had should carry the message of positivity. I found myself with a new appreciation for the relationships I had with people, the blessings that I had been given, and my profound ability to experience life. Positivity for me didn’t mean a lack of hardship or sadness but rather the ability to let myself feel them and persevere. Positivity was rejecting hate, bigotry, and aggression. Positivity was deeply enrooted in an enthusiasm for life and all it held. I let go of toxic people. I did my best to avoid toxic feelings. I learned that it took more strength to love than it took to judge and hate. My summer came to an end and now my head faces towards the future. I feel lucky to know my priorities. My future will involve happiness, influencing others, creating, and traveling. In the face of so many variables, those are the things that I will never compromise on. I know that there a lot of important decisions that I will face in the next few months and that is scary but ultimately I trust myself to make a decision that will be good for me. Recently I’ve learned that, no matter what, Ill be ok and that is a really comforting thought.

ABELARDO ED ELOISA Essays - , Term Papers

ABELARDO ED ELOISA La storia La storia di Abelardo e Eloisa ha inizio nel1116 a Parigi, quando lo zio di Eloisa, il canonico Fulberto, che aveva a cuore l'istruzione dell' adolescente che gli era stata affidata, decide di mandarla alla scuola sul colle di Sainte Genevieve, fondata dal bretone Pietro Abelardo. Quest'ultimo e maestro di logica, filosofo e teologo (sembra sia stato il primo ad usare il termine "teologia"), nonche uno dei piu illustri studiosi della sua epoca. Nel pieno della fama e del successo, ancora giovane - ha circa 36 anni - viene travolto dalla passione amorosa per la sua allieva Eloisa, tanto che, che per starle piu vicino chiede alloggio a Fulberto, il quale accetta con entusiasmo. Il rapporto fra precettore e allieva si fa subito stretto, la reciproca ammirazione si trasforma presto in passione d'amore. Tuttavia, se per Abelardo sembrava essere solo erotismo, per Eloisa Abelardo non e solo tra i maestri il piu prestigioso, ma appare l'uomo piu affascinante, che la fa sentire grande e matura. Al mio signore, anzi padre, al mio sposo anzi fratello, la sua serva o piuttosto figlia, la sua sposa o meglio sorella... ti ho amato di un amore sconfinato... mi e sempre stato piu dolce il nome di amica e quello di amante o prostituta, il mio cuore non era con me ma con te. Abelardo compone per Eloisa struggenti poesie d'amore che si diffondono e diventano popolari in tutta Parigi, grazie alla loro "dolcezza delle parole e bellezza del ritmo musicale". Esplode subito lo scandalo: Fulberto furibondo allontana Abelardo, che ancora non sa che Eloisa e incinta. Quando glielo comunica per lettera, egli decide di rapirla approfittando dell'assenza di Fulberto per condurla a Pallet( Bretagna), e farla ospitare nella casa di famiglia. Qui, alla fine dell'anno1116 , partorisce Astrolabio (rapitore delle stelle). Abelardo, spinto dai sensi di colpa verso Fulberto, si dichiara disposto a sposare Eloisa nella condizione che il matrimonio rimanga segreto per non danneggiare la propria carriera di chierico. Cosi, tornati a Parigi,Abelardo e Eloisa,che era inizialmente contaria al matrimonio, si sposano segretamente in presenza dello zio di lei e di pochi amici, ma presto la famiglia di Eloisa divulga la notizia. I due si trovano in difficolta: negare il matrimonio ora non basta piu, ed Abelardo quindi convice Eloisa ad entrare nel monastero nel quale era stata educata, quello di HYPERLINK "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argenteuil" \o "Argenteuil" Argenteuil. Fulberto, accecato dal disonore e dal sospetto che Abelardo voglia disfarsi della nipote per salvare il suo prestigio professionale, paga tre sicari, che sorprendono lo sfortunato di mattino, ancora addormentato, e lo evirano. Due di essi verranno catturati e -secondo la legge del taglione- accecati ed evirati a loro volta, mentre Fulberto, m andante dell'aggressione, verra solamente sospeso dai suoi incarichi. Per l'umiliazione e la vergogna, entrambi si ritirano in convento, e da questo momento le loro strade si separeranno e i due amanti non si rivedranno mai piu. Eloisa prende i voti e trascorre il resto della sua vita ad Argenteuil, mentre Abelardo si ritira nell'abbazia di Saint Denis, dove diventa eunuco. Quando Abelardo e ancora abate di Saint Gildas, in Bretagna, capita per caso nelle mani di Eloisa una sua lettera in cui narra a un amico le proprie sventure. Eloisa decide quindi di scrivergli ricordandogli i tempi della loro passione, che in lei non si e mai spenta, e cosi scrive: Non ho voluto soddisfare la mia volonta e il mio piacere, ma te e il tuo piacere, lo sai bene. Eloisa gli rimprovera di non averla piu cercata da allora, di non averle mai scritto, e mentre le sue parole, a distanza di anni, sono ancora piene di appassionato amore, le risposte di Abelardo invece rimangono sempre su un piano religioso, e al massimo di affetto. E' cambiato: ormai trova conforto solo nei grandi successi nel campo culturale, e risponde a Eloisa invitandola a "rispettare" il suo status di devota al signore indicandole la preghiera come unico rimedio alla tempesta dei sensi. Eloisa non si arrende. E ancora giovane (ha circa 35 anni) ed e presa dai ricordi che lei considera indimenticabili: Il piacere che ho conosciuto e stato cosi forte che non posso odiarlo. E pone ad Abelardo in maniera lacerante questa domanda:

The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Essays

The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Essays The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Paper The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Paper The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Thanks to the development of science and technology, the distance between countries seems to be narrowed. We can communicate or cooperate with people everywhere. Thats why people say the world is becoming smaller. This tendency brings us more good chances for making relationships and business, yet, it also causes some drawbacks like losing traditions or unsteady economic condition. In the past, it was impossible for a man living in Vietnam to keep contact with his relatives in America. But nowadays, with computers and telephones, we can not only talk with others but also see their lively images through any distance. Besides, we can also make friends with people from different places on this earth if we are interested in. By car, train or plane we can travel around and discover all the remote corners of this globe, which helps enrich our knowledge about countries and people all over the world each day and the relationship between humanbeings become closer than ever. To businessmen, this tendency brings them alots of benefits. First of all, they can spread their market, in other words, they will have more customers, which means they can get more money. Second, they can use cheaper labour source and meterials in less developed countries to reduce the manufacturing cost. Third, because of different frequencies and tastes of people, they will have a wide choice in business aspects. It can be said that businessmen is the group getting most advantages from the world becomes smaller. However, global village also gives us some disadvantages. In the process of globalization, the cultures have interfered with one another. Although some countries can collect more good customs, some are losing their tradition. Tradition is one important part of a nation, which are conceptions, habbits and noble values maintained for thousands of years. So when they lose traditions, they lose themselves and become other peoples. Another bad point is that joining to the global village, ountries have to apply open trade policy,which causes some difficulties to developing countries. As the economy of these countries is still weak, their companies can not affort to compete with foreign ones with modern technology and much experience. This leads to the bankrupcy of many mills and the unemployment condition, which will be a burden for both the governments and the entire poupulation. Even having some disadvantages, globalization is an essental inclination.

Employment Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Employment Law - Assignment Example There exist instances when such rules may be acceptable without being discriminative. An English-only rule may only apply under justification of business necessity. That means that the employer may only use such a rule in as far as the employee needs to communicate in English to operate efficiently and to ensure safety. According to the Equal employment opportunities Commission, EEOC, English-only rules are justifiable in limited instances. According to EEOC, some of these circumstances that warrant the application of such rules include; a paid speaking position where one is meant to continuously speak to and English speaking audience, when communicating with customers and fellow employees who only speak English, during emergencies where there is need for a common language to ensure safety, where a supervisor needs to monitor employee’s performance, and for cooperative assignments that require workers to speak a common language for efficiency (Rutherglen, 2007). An employer may be allowed to prohibit employees from using any other language apart from English when speaking to customers who speak only English. That would be to enhance communication with clients and ensure flawless business transactions. Also, the employer may require employees to speak English when addressing their colleagues who speak only English or who may not understand the language that such employees may be comfortable using (Rutherglen, 2007). During emergencies, there is need for there to be a common language that can be understood by all. That is to ensure safety for everyone. That also includes those working on or operating machinery, chemicals or items that may cause harm if not handled with care. In such circumstances, the employer may apply English-only rules as they would help safeguard everyone’s safety. For cooperative duty that requires employees to work in teams, English-only rules may come into application especially if some

Environmental Pollution Scenario - Phoenix Area Essay

Environmental Pollution Scenario - Phoenix Area - Essay Example The essay "Environmental Pollution Scenario - Phoenix Area" discovers Environmental Pollution Scenario. Sustainability can only be ensured if all involved stakeholders are on board when decisions are taken and implemented. In order to take and keep all involved stakeholders on board, it would be necessary to keep their interests in view when taking and implementing such decisions. A total of seven measures have been proposed in order to deal with the pollution based problems faced by Phoenix, Arizona. However, not all of the proposed solutions are implementable within the constrained budget of $18 million. Therefore, only four of the proposed measures will be implemented in full swing while the remaining budget will be kept in place to cover contingencies such as escalation in costs or need for increased commitment. This proposal seeks to implement. The total cost for these measures adds up to $14.7 million and thus leaves $3.3 million for contingency measures. The first measure for pollution reduction will concentrate on encouraging alternative transportation measures in order to reduce the load on roads and to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. The recent spike in car usage to commute around Phoenix is a major contributor to pollution in and around the district. Alternatively the focus could have been shifted to pollution control for point sources but these sources represent pollution creation that is comparable to the use of fossil fuels in vehicles. The inertia posed in point control would be too large.... Alternatively the focus could have been shifted to pollution control for point sources but these sources represent pollution creation that is comparable to the use of fossil fuels in vehicles (Newman & J., 1999). Furthermore, the inertia posed by affected businesses in point control would be too large to amount to something substantial. Hence, it was decided to vie for encouraging alternative transportation arrangements through a pervasive campaign based on public contact making. The next measure to reduce pollution is the promotion of fuel efficient cars. The contention here is to reduce the amount of fossil fuels being consumed in vehicles being used around Phoenix. In this fashion the amount of emissions produced by vehicles will reduce thus leading to reduced contribution for the greenhouse effect. In order to facilitate the transition to more fuel efficient vehicles, people buying more fuel efficient vehicles could be provided subsidies such as reduced taxes on fuel efficient ve hicles, reduced gasoline rates etc. There may be initial opposition from certain automobile dealers who deal with large gas guzzling vehicles but over time this is expected to subside. Moreover, the initial opposition to fuel efficient vehicles is expected to be insignificant compared to opposition for other measures (Nagurney, 2000). Also it is expected that automobile dealers will switch over to selling more fuel efficient vehicles once market demand for these vehicles rises. The third measure being planned is the development of green spaces or urban forestry in and around Phoenix in order to serve as natural barriers and filters for the pollution being produced. In addition the development of urban forested areas will ensure that the heat island effect is

Describe State Plans and discuss what must be demonstrated by the Assignment

Describe State Plans and discuss what must be demonstrated by the states, including the process, to be an approved OSHA State Plan - Assignment Example oved OSHA State Plan, first, a state must put the necessary measures and assure OSHA that within a period of three years, it will have implemented all the structural elements that are significant for an appropriate occupational and health program. Some of the elements that a state must put in place include; appropriate laws, regulations, procedures for setting up standards, enforcing the legislations, appeal of both the citations and penalties and lastly a state must have a sufficient number of enforcement personnel who are qualified. Once the state accomplishes the above requirements, it is eligible for certification. This signifies structural completeness of the overall plan (Government Institutes Inc, Government Institutes Research Group, 2007). Once the state indicates that it can be able to enforce standards independently, it enters into an agreement with OSHA. This agreement is referred to as operation status agreement. Lastly after the state has accomplished all the requirements by OSHA, it is accredited final approval which grants OSHA authority to cover and monitor all occupation safety and health safety of the state (Government Institutes Inc, Government Institutes Research Group,

Representation Matters in Semiotic Approach

Representation Matters in Semiotic Approach According to Hall (1997), Representation is the production of the meaning of the concepts in our minds through language. [†¦] The relation between things, concepts and signs lies at the heart of the production of meaning in language. [†¦] Language is therefore the system of representation involved in the overall process of constructing meaning. His representation study is lighted with wisdom from Saussures theory whose significant contribution was the point of way of signs the meanings production, negative of reflection or intentionality and building up the constructionist approach. For Saussure, the production of meaning depends on language and to be a sign system, language was associated this two element the signifier and the signified. (Culler, 1976, cited in Hall, 1997) Saussure gave his model of representation shifting from linguistics to semiotics. People fix the meaning by the signifier correlating with the signified which simultaneously involves our cultural and li nguistic codes and this is the process to achieve the representation as well. In Saussures study, the emphasis was put on the various general rules and codes of the linguistic system. The connection provided by the codes between the signifier and the signified produced signs; and signs, organized into languages, created meanings. This formed the way to constructionist thought. Later with the development of Myth theory which was based on the model of representation provided by Saussure, Roland Barthes, the French critic, suggests that signs can be constructed into levels. The first, completed meaning functions as the signifier in the second stage of the representation process, and when linked with a wider there by a reader, yields a second, more elaborate and ideologically framed message or meaning. (Hall, 1997:39) Barthes called the second level of signification the level of myth or meta-language. These two theories indicate the semiotic approach provides a method for analyzing how representations convey meaning. Hall uses the concept of representation to discuss the origin of the objects cultural meaning and analyzes that the objects by themselves do not mean anything; meanings are generated and constructed by language or other cultural signs processed through language. He defined representation is the production of the meaning of concepts in our minds through language. It is the link between concepts and language which enables us to refer to either the real world of objects, people or events, or indeed to imaginary worlds of fictional objects, people and events. (Hall, 1997:17) In brief, representation is the procedure of connecting with objects, conceptual map in our mind and language cultural symbols. There are two representation systems existing. In the first system, mental representations which we carry around in our heads present various objects and turning to the second system a set of signs stand for these conceptual maps. Furthermore, the practices of representation imply the embody ing of concepts, ideas and emotions in a symbolic form can be transmitted and meaningfully interpreted. Meaning must enter the domain of these practices, if it is to circulate effectively within a culture. (Hall, 1997:10) With the combination of Halls theory, representation can be regarded as presenting objects through language or other symbols and produce some relative cultural meanings and values; moreover representation has a share in production, multiplication, exchange and circulation of the whole cultural meanings and values system. Under the framework of Halls theory, the significance of representation practice is that it is involved in the production and circulation of cultural meanings and values system. He defines culture as a sharing meaning or a sharing conceptual map. That reveals culture is just like meaning sea and social or group members are like fish in it; they produce and exchange from each other. This view is basically rooted on culture concept of Raymond Williams who regards as a particular way of life, which expresses certain meanings and values not only in are and learning but also in institutions and ordinary behavior. (1961: 41) Hall then transformed Williams meanings and values into more symbolic meanings and inherited Williams cultural materialism on culture status and function. Culture has been judged as a fact with economy and politics to construct the whole society production instead of a negative reflection or accessory for economical and political process. Cultural meanings and values s ystem have practice effect to build up rules, standards and customs which regularize social life and order human behavior. After being decoded, the meanings and values in cultural representation production change into consciousness and practice. Given this definition, Halls cultural representation theory highlights the areas of cultural symbols in social life in an important position. The Politicsthe discursive approach In French philosopher Michel Foucaults research, he prefers regarding representation as an origin of social knowledge production and put emphasis on the method of knowledge produced by discourse rather than Saussures linguistic model which focuses on the representation process itself. Comparing with the semiotic approach, Foucaults theory firmly bases on history and pays more attention on historical specificity. He concerned relations of power, not relations of meaning, so the main matter changed from language to discourse. Discourse, power and the subject is three major ideas demonstrated by Foucault about the discursive approach to representation.(Hall, 1997:43) The first term-discourse was treated as a representation system by Foucault. He points out that the object has its objective existence, but except discourse the object has no meaning. In another word, only when the object is in its discourse can it be the target to knowledge. The existence of discourse needs historical context which means, in each period, the modality of knowledge produced by discourse and its object, subject and practice is dramatic changed over time and vitally there is no necessary connection in. For example, in our ancestors language structure they explained natural phenomenon like windy, rainy and thunder by fairy tale or the method of imagination, by contrast, we today explain them by scientific or observation way. It is more remarkable in the particular social identity and ethics meanings made up by human language structure: male and female, white and black, ruler and ruled. They all changed with society and culture changed. Talking about the concept of power and knowledge, Foucaults view is different from the theory of Marxism. Foucault believes that in all of classic Marxism, relationship between knowledge and power simplified to a class of power and class interests was due to establish its own truth concept.(Hall, 1997:48) Although Foucault did not deny the existence of classes, he did not believe beyond any discourse game there existed truth. His definition of the ideology is similar on Gramscis cultural hegemony theory. Introducing the theory of ideology into representation theory embodies Halls resistance and critical consciousness of vulgar Marxist theory on ideology and economic determinants. Furthermore, in Foucaults opinion, knowledge and meaning of an object are not only related to their discourse but also related to dominant power and power does not function in the form of a chain it circulates. It is never monopolized by one centre. It is deployed and exercised through a net-like organizati on.'(1980:98) Discourse produces the subject by itself; on the other hand, it produces a position for the subject like reader and viewer. In the cultural representation system, there is a wide variety of subject positions for instance the submissive wife and obedient slaves and there are many characters who are regarded as good, such as the image of Faust, Prometheus and Confucius. Although our identities are constrained by the structural relationship of social order, these images carrying cultural significance and values can be cultural resources which establish and update our own subjectivity. Overall, the cultural representation system is the mainstream values and ideologies of production and operation of the site, and it is the main social individual symbolic resource in its own copy of the values of culture and ideology. However, there are some cultural texts manage an abnormal discourse and practice in its representation to create a lot of rebellion, revolution, anomaly and even unreasonable characters. These characters tend not to follow the rules and break the old, outdated values and identities so that they or their representatives become a new social order or a new value of the cultural heroes, such as a rebellious slave consciousness or a self-conscious woman. It allowed us to recognize that knowledge is always a form of power. Concluded from the two approaches-the semiotic approach and the discursive approach, the concept of representation, from a cultural point, is a cultural significance creation by various symbols in the text or image and this process is involved in the whole field of the production and distribution of cultural symbols; representation no longer analyses the extension of power relations in the field of symbolic representation through epistemological sense of right and wrong, but on the angle of discourse power, meaning disputation and symbol distribution in cultural representation field; representation emphasizes the social environment and cultural institutions of cultural representation practice and regards a cultural text as a symptom making out of the entire social and cultural environment which implies a sociological perspective to analyze the path of cultural representation issues; representation focuses on the cultural symbols involved in real life function, while representation is the way for the value concept which is produced in social life to flow in the field of cultural symbols and it is the main symbolic resource for social individual forming their own identity. People are largely dependent on the subject position in cultural representation to be a man or a woman, as a specific person. In this sense, representation constructs our world of meaning.

Biblical Illusions in Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon Essay -- Song So

Biblical Illusions in Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon Song of Solomon, by Toni Morrison, is about a man named Macon Dead. Throughout this novel, however, he is known by all except his father as Milkman because his mother breastfed him until he was in his teens. The novel centers on Milkman's attempt to find himself. His family is a wealthy black family living in a poor black neighborhood, where Milkman's father prohibits Milkman from interacting with most of them, including his aunt. However, he ends up visiting her, and while there, he learns a little about his family's mysterious past and decides to look deeper into it. Throughout his journey into his past, one may notice a large amount of biblical allusions. The first and most noticeable of these allusions is the title of the novel itself. _Song of Solomon_ is not only the title of this novel, but also a biblical book. This book in the Bible is also known as the Song of Songs and the Canticles. It is a collection of songs telling the story of a conversation between King Solomon and his beautiful Shulamite Bride, who happe...

Federal Government Essay

To what extent did the Federalist administrations of George Washington and John Adams promote national unity and advance the authority of the federal government? George Washington and John Adams were the first two presidents of the United States. As they had just fought a civil war against their oppressive mother country, it was only fitting that they were federalists. Federalists believed in national unity and a strong central government. They knew that in order for the country to succeed, a strong central government was needed. As a result, their administrations were built around promotion of national unity and advancements of the authority of the federal government. However, there was a limit to what extent they were successful. In my opinion, Washington was highly successful in promoting national unity. Starting from his first inaugural address into his second term, Washington set a tone and example in all his actions that advanced the authority of the federal government. In his first inaugural address, he said that the federal government would not be exceeding its limits and it will be respected by all others. This gives the rest of the country a feeling of unity and authority. Then, Washington’s secretary, Alexander Hamilton, goes against Thomas Jefferson to say and back up his view that the National Bank was constitutional. Washington, along with Adams, stood by this notion throughout their respective terms. This also increased the idea that the federal government had authority. Since Jefferson was preaching that the constitution should be interpreted strictly and therefore, the bank was not constitutional, and both Washington and Adams went against him openly on this idea, this showed the country that the federal government had power and it gave them more authority. In addition, The Sedition Act of July 1798 went ahead and increased the  authority of the government. It stopped anyone and everyone from talking, writing, and publishing anything false and malicious about the government. This way, the media could no longer talk bad about anyone associated with the federal government. This act did not unify the nation, but it advanced the authority of the federal government. As you can see, this is why I believe that George Washington and John Adams, and their administrations, promoted national unity and advanced the authority of the federal government. They were strict federalists, who believed in loose interpretation of the constitution and a strong federal government. Heeding well to their ideals, they built a strong federal government that possessed powerful authority. In addition, their administrations promoted nation unity and did in fact unify citizens all around the country, save a few radicals. In conclusion, I believe both Washington and Adams went to great extents to follow their federalists ideals and as a result, they were successful.

Pregnancy law Uk

Pregnancy law Uk In legal terms, attempts to bring about equality between men and women in the workplace have failed, mainly because the view of what is equality is based on a false premise: attempts at equality have reinforced the traditional stereotype of 'men's' work and 'women's' work and have failed to address the structural inequalities that traditionally. This paper will seek to examine and critically evaluate the legislation and case law of the UK and the European Community (EC) on pregnancy dismissals in employment. The main thrust of the paper will be an attempt to ask to what extent should women be protected by law against detrimental treatment on grounds of pregnancy. That this seemingly simple question needs to be asked is evident from the troubled manner in which UK courts have so far dealt with the matter and from the fact that it is only recently that the EU has passed a directive on the issue.L-12-02-15-B-003The legislation and case law also challenge the stereotypical assumption tha t a 'woman's place is in the home'. In this area the law is forced to confront the old accepted traditional divisions between 'men's' work and 'women's' work. The paper will also show that for women in the UK, it is our membership of the EU which offers the most realistic hope of obtaining a true equality, or indeed a special recognition of the unique status of pregnancy.IntroductionPregnancy discrimination has its roots as far back as the industrial revolution. It grew out of the paternalistic notion that women needed to be 'protected' by men from the heavy, dirty jobs arising in the new industries such as coal and steel. It was the husband who supported his family: he earned the family wage and it was the woman who remained at home to care for...

Politics Canadian Immigration essays

Politics Canadian Immigration essays In an age when the threat of terrorism has become an all to real reality for western nations, criticism has risen following the implementation of reforms to the Canadian immigration Act. Sept 11th focused Canadians attention on the flaws in the National immigration policy, and swift reform was required in order to combat the inherent problem with the countries policies. The government passed several resolutions, most of which analysts say have not done enough to successfully protect Canadian citizens, along with those of neighbouring countries, from the threat of terrorism. This paper will layout the new changes in contrast to the prior September 11th policies, and will also display the specific problems of the new policies. The focus will then turn to way in which the new legislation can be improved in order to focus on the important matters concerning immigration. Argument 1- The prior September 11th policies and the perceived flaws therein. Point 1- Canadas prior September 11th refugee policies as being much to lenient towards what determines refugee statues and the prosecution of people who break refugee probation regulations. Evidence- 1.Tom Fennel- Canadas open door: A new load of boatpeople sparks call for tougher stance on refugees 2001 Arg. -Leon Benoit says Canada is seen as soft touch, anyone can claim refugee status. -Explanation on how Canada can closer relate its policy to that of the United States or Australia. 2.The National- The Trail of a Terrorist 2001 Arg. -The case of Ahmed Ressam as an example of Canadas faltering refugee policy Point 2- Canadas immigrant grading system and the means of legally claiming immigrant status in Canada is slow and complicating, causing more immigrants to search for alternate means of coming to Canada. ...

Blog Response and write your own blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Blog Response and write your own blog - Essay Example The advert correlates to the cultural notion that physical fitness, deep voice, and aggressive action are attributes of a man. Moreover, any man who lacks these qualities is shown as feminine. On the other hand, it is depicted that women in the society prefers men with maximum masculinity. This is because, based on their perception, such a man will be able to take care of women needs. This makes them admire men who have well developed figure. However, this post deserves criticism. This is because it depicts men who lacks such masculinities cannot have power, offer protection to women, and hence this is shown to be in contradiction to American culture. In reality, this is not true because being a real man is not based on outside appearance. The real man is defined by behaviour and instinct. Moreover, it is negatively depicting women as only attracted by physical well-being towards men. This is not true as women are also attracted by other attributes towards women. In fact, violent men are usually unable to sustain a formidable relationship. Part 2 The film ‘Dangerous Minds’ is a representation of what is covered with many Hollywood movies. The film depicts the worse state of education for prone kids who face the challenges of poverty, violence, crime, and violence in the inner cities of United States. The teacher also struggles to content with the students. Initially, the film depicts Whiteness as a true reflection of rationality. Moreover, the film shows Whiteness as a cultural standard in the changing society based on the racial composition. On the other hand, the other part of the film acts as an encouragement to challenged teenagers who had given up on schooling as an alternative to their wretched lives. In the film, the purpose of schooling is intermixed with the issue of racial difference within the area of urban public schools. Therefore, the film relies on race factor as an organizing concept to develop its narrative structure and pass throu gh the message. Moreover, both the Black and Hispanic teenagers lay a foundation for developing pedagogical classroom interaction. In this context, Whiteness as espoused by the teacher authority manages to overcome racially coded images of disorder, chaos, and fear. This is seen through the conflicts that exist between teacher and students in the first scenes of the film. This is a classical example of non- assimilation feelings between whites and non-whites. Moreover, the innocence of the teacher is highlighted in the first scene of the film. She leaves a middle-class culture in the white community to teach in uncontrollable environment. This is meant to provide white American with the notion that the disorder is a thing of other culture. The negative perception on the people of colour is further highlighted as she refers to them as â€Å"rejects from hell†. Therefore, the opening scenes serve to represent Black and Hispanic kids with the culture of violence and unruliness. On the other hand, Whiteness as depicted by LouAnne Johnson is under threat. This is because it is unsafe and under siege. Moreover, Whiteness is shown through the character of the teacher as the only option for teens to move beyond the setting and nature of their cultural identities. This occurs as it is contrasted with the stereotypical portrayal of intellectually challenged and decadent Black and Hispanic kids. Therefore, Whiteness is thus implied as a standard for

Impact of Species Extinction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Impact of Species Extinction - Essay Example It is worth noting, with interest, that all forms of life are interdependent and that extinction of one form of life threatens the survival of the rest of the ecosystem either directly or indirectly. For instance, threat of extinction of dolphins poses a serious threat to marine ecosystem as well as other indirectly related ecosystems (Case web). Humans should respond to the current crisis of species extinction by utilizing the species rationally and fairly, upholding ethical ecological values, enacting measures that are more stringent, and practicing ethics in all human activities. Aldo leopold poses a challenge to human activities concerning protection of endangered species. Planetary life is interdependent and all forms of life can be seen as an ecosystem. However, human beings do not see the need for protection of endangered species especially when the extinction of such species does not affect human life directly. Whereas there are many species in the verge of extinction, dolphi ns offer a good example of species, which are becoming extinct at an alarming rate (Maas 1). It is more disheartening to note the way man shows cruelty to animals. For instance, fishing of dolphins is usually done in a cruel way. These animals are mishandled so badly that fishing zones becomes pools of blood. The same case applies to animals taken to slaughterhouses. Since we depend on animal for survival, we should reciprocate by treating them with respect especially when dealing with species under the threat of extinction. It is worth noting with concern that extinction of some species such as dolphins is primarily caused by human activities. It is undeniable that dolphins play a very important role in sustaining the economic activities especially for the communities that depend on fishing for a living (Milbury 1). However, lack of discipline and ethics has resulted to overfishing of dolphins posing a serious threat to extinction. Additionally, human activities such as industrial, mining, and agricultural activities contribute greatly to pollution of marine water. This in turn makes the marine environment inhabitable for marine life such as dolphins. Although effect of pollution to marine life takes time, the impacts are often long lasting and disastrous (National Research Council 112). Marine life often dies in large numbers and the few that are lucky to survive migrate to locations that are more favorable thereby destabilizing the ecosystem that we depend on. This necessitates the need to respond to the current crisis of species extinction by upholding ethical ecological values. The impact of extinction of a species may not be seen in short term but the results are more often than not felt after duration. Plants and animals occupy an important level in the ecological system. While some forms of life act as predators, others act as source of food to the rest. This implies that reduced number of a given species in an ecosystem will have a direct effect on th e immediate forms of life (Ryding 219). For instance, dolphins feed on fish such as anchovies. However, they also feed on squids and octopus. A decrease in dolphins as a predator to these other marine life causes an increase in their number. Plant life necessary to support squids, octopus, anchovies, and other species would not be enough to sustain

Though cell phones have developed us technologically as a society, Research Paper

Though cell phones have developed us technologically as a society, they have undermined other important social developments - Research Paper Example The cell phones tend to make the person engrossed in it, as a result, the user stays distracted from his surroundings. Cell phones have also in this way harmed social development by reducing face to face social interaction and promoting isolation and aloofness. Introduction The advancement in technology has enabled mankind to leap forward and reach levels that had never been experienced before. Technology has influenced all walks of life ranging from education to business, from medicine to tourism. The area of communication has also been improved exponentially as it has broken all geographical barriers. The whole world has come down to a few clicks’ distance as the people on the other end of the world can be contacted at any time and from any location via communication devices. Cell phones are the most common form of communication devices that are used around the world. One very interesting observation made about cell phones has been that â€Å"the cell phone can simultaneous ly represent freedom from and connectivity to the family† (Cooper 1). This simple statement which refers to the two-faced utility of this gadget points to the advantages and disadvantages that this technology has inherent in it. Cooper has elaborated this concept by drawing attention to the mixed feelings that an empirical study of middle school in a Texas town found among 13-to-14-year old teens towards cell phone which was caused by their â€Å"desire for independence and the reality of parental control through cell phone ownership and use† (1). This conflict has several parallels in our social existence and this paper is an attempt to find out whether cell phones have any negative influences over the society and if so, what changes these influences have brought in. Overview The first hand held cell phone was invented by Dr. Martin Cooper who was a General Manager with Motorola in 1973 (Kassel 211). Initially, the weight and size of the device was not practical enough to make it of common use to common man. Whereas, the evolution of technology has made cell phones convenient, practical and affordable for the masses. The use of cell phones has increased more than ever. It is no longer considered as a luxury, rather taken as a necessity in many parts of the world. The urban individual of today is so dependent on this technology that it makes one wonder how life existed on the planet before this invention. But it has to be kept in mind that even in today’s world, to some extent, cell phone is a rich man’s game. This can be seen from the fact that, â€Å"the fifty-eight countries in the world classed as low-income account for only a little over 98 million cell phone subscribers†¦in comparison, cell connections number over 775 million for fifty-four high-income countries† (Goggin 1). Cell phones have made their presence in a diverse range of areas including personal and professional communication. The functions fulfilled by cell phones include, â€Å"staying in constant contact, text messaging, fashion, identity-construction, music, mundane daily work routines, remote parenting, interacting with television programmes, watching videos, surfing the Internet, meeting new people, dating, flirting, loving, bullying, mobile commerce and locating people† (Goggin 2). The qualities that have been associated with cell phones are mainly, â€Å"

Which enable clients to quote Essay Example for Free

Which enable clients to quote Essay In recent years, the significance of E-Procurement strategies has been emphasized frequently in the field of e-commerce. Since there are many dimensions in the implementation of E-Procurement strategies, a multi variety of E-Procurement strategies have been developed and embodied. E-Procurement is more than just a system for making purchases online. E-Procurement system can connect companies and their business process directly with suppliers while managing all interactions between them. Which enable clients to quote, requisition, order, and track and receive through single online channel. Finding an appropriate and well managed is a crucial step in creating E-Procurement strategies. To solve this problem, this study investigates various approaches towards achieving best E-Procurement strategies for a given category. Significance of E-Procurement It’s evident that E-Procurement sites are the most successful. How you approach your target audience may differ depending on whether one uses a business-to-business (B2B) or business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce model, but the major goal is to meets your customers’ needs and generate profit at the same time. Applying E-Procurement, benefits Supplier, Merchant and Customers. The companies can save on purchasing costs through online e-procurement system by tracking purchase, suppliers, better negotiation. To be successful, the e-seller must select best E-Procurement strategies for Managing all the challenges for B2B Procurement which includes approved suppliers on-line, Increasing efficient of purchase management ,better Forecasting , best deal reports ,accessibility, flexibility, control ,cost ,time , Less maverick buying and for some global operations (Chaffey, 2007). Strategies for e-procurement E-procurement is the automation of the procurement processes so that the sourcing vendor selection, procurement processes, shipment status tracking and payment can be made in an online environment. The main aim of the e-procurement application is to reduce the cycle time for performing such applications hence increasing the opportunities that will attract more suppliers and greater bargaining power to the buyers and this helps a company or an organization to realize greater profits within the organization. Most of the organizations and companies nowadays are looking for ways in which they are going to cut cost as the living standards and economic status keeps on changing and this leaves most of the companies with no option than to look for various ways to cut costs in every possible way. This can only be achieved by what is known as procurement and different companies have different definitions making it the strategic arm for cost reduction. Procurement is a very broad term and companies have to adapt e-procurement for all types of purchasing and in most cases the best place to apply electronic procurement is where a very close business relationship must be established and ongoing mutual aid is needed with suppliers and this is especially when developing new products or technologies. In today’s dynamic business companies are differentiating sourcing and logistics, value chain has been be the only solution due to the e-procurement applications which helps organizations and companies to realize lots of benefits through its usage and makes the company discover a cost reduction of up to 5-10% of the total procurement spent in an organization. Before any company or organization thinks of using the e-procurement they have to bear in mind if the implementation will help the organization to generate more income and the benefits it will deliver to their organization and if it will deliver the same benefits to the industry. This profits of the e-procurement can only be realized when a well plan procurement strategy is put in place and this strategy that may seem to be different from other companies is what will help your organization to realize the huge profits which will be an advantage to your company. According to research done on different sectors it indicates that almost 55% of the procurement expenditure is on services with the major services procured is management, business and administration services, and advertisement, marketing and sales services, technology services and others and yet most organizations do not have a corporate wide policy for procuring such services. Another option that can be helpful for an organization is to choose only certain aspects of the e-procurement process to automate. For example some of the organization and businesses do their negotiations outside the e-procurement system and use the internet to do all their purchasing and order tracking and this will help an organization a great deal to realize huge profits depending on their needs. Many of the organizations and businesses simply use e-procurement for connectivity purposes and this option is only suitable to companies or businesses that are not interested in making a major switch and are happy with their procurement system they have. E-procurement systems help every company a great deal in terms of delivery as they get impressive returns on their investments To effectively implement the e-procurement 1. Start with non-critical items. An initial e-procurement system should slim the amount of paperwork needed for purchasing and reduce order complexity by standardizing the exchange process between supplier and buyer. Use your intranet to bring all internal stake-holders on board with your new procurement process and to establish internal customer behavior. Streamline, map, test, troubleshoot and improve the process before expanding it to external suppliers. Work with a favored supplier to test the system. 2. Leverage your system once it’s running. Exploit your full purchasing power by using reversed auctions. Invite new suppliers to participate once the system has proven itself. 3. Combine buyers within your organization to increase your purchasing power and gain better pricing. 4. Use a portfolio approach to expand your system. It is not possible to have uniform relationships with all suppliers nor are all purchasing requirements the same. Sort purchasing needs into groups that can use a similar process and a similar template Difficulty in E-Procurement There exist several differences between Merchants from different parts of the globe due to differing cultures, values, Policy and terms. In addition, Involved in managing more complex B2B relationships requiring expensive technology and capabilities. Integrating between purchasing process and information of Inventory, logistics and other systems require much more customization. Business Objectives towards E-Procurement Strategy The main aim of the business to reduce the cost, Improve contact compliance. Enhanced market data. Improve in provisions of service and cost. Strengthen the competition, balancing the trade during agile business process, Improve the Internal customer relationship management. Best Spend Management during recession. One-stop-shopping, getting more partners, reduced dependency and lower inventory. Reduced paper cost, Better finding products. Distributes the purchasing power to authorized user, standardizes buying methods. To make effective use of human resources (Kaplan, Norton, 2004). Business/Purchaser considerations Towards E-Procurement Strategy In order to achieve E-Procurement across all channels, it is important that the business develops at least minimal strategy outlining its goals and how to achieve them. Understanding current purchasing policies. Investigate the type of spending by classifying the buying goods in terms of direct and indirect. Identify the source of goods and services which are belong to either contract or spot purchase. To be success, it depends in large part on the number and types of merchants that join. Considering the extra cost which may be included in switching supplier. Maintaining supplier business relationship (Dobni, 2003). Identify high supply risk and low profit of business process. Financial standing, settlement and Logistics needs of Purchaser, Quality of Purchaser staff. Supplier/Technology Consideration towards E-Procurement What are the functions are included. Is key suppliers are ready to use e-commerce. Who and how best maintain the catalogue content. Is it feasible interface with leading supplier hubs and is it scalable to meet the supplier needs (Verma, 2007). Developing the Best Strategy for E-Procurement The initial E-procurement strategy can be derived from the following steps. Identify the objectives of business and possible conditions. Then involves in situation and context analysis and followed by SWOT analysis of business, Technology and process . Finally derive the best strategy by taking the Key considerations from Merchant, supplier and Technology perspective. As well as consider budget and performance perspective without deviating from the Business Goals and Objectives (Kaplan, Norton, 2004). Guidelines for choosing best E-Procurement strategy E-procurement is basically divided into 4 categories as Buyer centric, Supplier centric, E-marketplaces, and Collaborative. The following bullet points are generic and applicable to all categories †¢ Addressing basic type of goods and service covered by e-procurement. Direct and Indirect goods. Indirect materials are generally included commodity and standard Item and often cut industry line and low risk. †¢ Direct Materials are not easy to automate and consume large resources and need degree of collaboration with suppliers †¢ Focusing on defined Target groups E-procurements process is geared towards the supplier and consumer satisfaction and needs. †¢ Equal Fostering competition Both supplier and consumer should be economically benefit †¢ Enable supply management to focus on value added function of contract management and Strategic sourcing Controls Procurement expense and makes great deal of sense to help keep costs under control †¢ Encouraging the re-use of existing solutions †¢ Intensify the collection of feedbacks and success stories from direct and indirect contact †¢ Create Effective Collaboration which provide best Cross functional and supplier collaboration †¢ Spend Management Initiatives reduce of Maverick buying and tightened spend management †¢ Provide Price adjusting strategy based on the situations and deals †¢ Manages a Global system of supply chain methods to support beyond corporative Limit by introducing modern and structured e-procurement process. The process is transparent and easy to use. †¢ Selecting the appropriate e-procurement techniques for the give products needs †¢ Depends on company size and financial status select either wait and see or passive approach †¢ Increase corporate leverage with the reports available †¢ Choosing effective Platform o Easy to use by both vendor and buyer o Flexible enough to accommodate direct and indirect purchasing needs o Functionality rich enough to perform wide rand of purchasing, searching, sourcing, bidding, tracking, auditing, †¢ Choosing Right vendor o Considering quality of service providers includes B2B strong knowledge and market place Interaction (Gronroos, Ojasolo, 2004). Conclusion There is need of choosing best e-procurement strategy to be successful in B2B relationship. For this to be effectively achieved, it should be in a way that is acceptable by both Purchaser and supplier to meet their needs. As such, the B2B relation success is determined by ability of choosing best strategy of e-procurement. References Dobni, D. (2003). A framework for understanding service sector Productivity, the Journal of Services Marketing. Gronroos, C. Ojasolo, K. (2004). â€Å"Service productivity: towards a conceptualization of transformations of inputs into economic results in services†. Journal of Business Research. Kaplan, R. S. , Norton D. P (2004). The Balanced Scorecard: Measures That Drive Performance, Harvard Business Review. Kaplan, R. S. , Norton D. P (2004). Putting the Balanced Scorecard to Work, Harvard Business Review Verma, K. (2007). Service marketing: text and cases. India: Pearson education Aaker, D. (2004). Brand portfolio strategy: creating quality service delivery. Free press. Business Review Weekly, vol. 21, issue 34-37 Business review weekly: Dell Inc. Business review weekly. Chaffey, Dave (2007). E-business and e-commerce management. Prentice Hall. Ogg, Erica (2009). A modest approach to fix Dell’s customer service. Retrieved on 12th February, 2009 from http://news. cnet. com/8301-10784_3-9939821-7. html Dell Website. Build or release? Retrieved on 12th February, 2009 from http://www. dell. com/downloads/global/power/ps3q09-20090389-Build. pdf Holzner, Steven (2006). How Dell does it. McGraw-Hill Professional. Blackshaw, Peter (2008). Satisfied customers tell three, angry customers tell 3000. Doubleday.

Legalizing Concealed Weapons May Deter Crime Essay -- Argumentative Pe

Legalizing Concealed Weapons May Deter Crime A concealed weapon is a firearm hidden on a person. Thomas Jefferson once wrote that "laws that forbid the carrying of arms... disarm only those who are neither inclined nor determined to commit crimes. Such laws make things worse for the assaulted and better for the assailants; they serve rather to encourage than to prevent homicides for an unarmed man may be attacked with greater confidence than an armed man"(Lee 147). "In Florida, 315,000 permits had been issued to citizens for concealed weapons by December 31, 1995. Only five have been revoked because the permit holder committed a violent crime with a gun" ( Kopel 129). Many crimes could have been avoided if you could carry a concealed weapon in every state. "If the states that do not have right - to - carry concealed guns had adopted the laws in 1992, approximately 1,570 murders; 4,177 rapes; and over 60,000 aggravated assaults would have been avoided yearly" (Kopel 129). Many people worry that innocent people or trained police officers would get hurt. The idea that poorly trained, armed people looking to become heroes would make it more dangerous for innocent people. Many law-enforcement organizations say different. They voluntarily issue concealed carry permits to citizens who pass a background checks. The concealed-carry movement is based on the principle that responsible citizens should not expect government to provide them with the essentials of life. Providing for the safety of one's self and one's family is first of all a personal duty. In the past five years in Miami, four concealed weapons permits have been revoked for criminal misuses of concealed weapons. Everyone may benefit from concealed-carry reform.... ... Brady, chairman of Handgun Control, said, "I don't believe gun owners have rights." Rosie O'Donnell said I honestly think-and I am not an expert on the amendments-I think the only people in this nation who should be allowed to own guns are police officers. I don't care if you want to hunt; I don't care if you think it's your right. I say 'sorry'. It is 1999 we have had enough as a nation. You are not allowed to own a gun and if you do own a gun, I think you should go to prison (Lee 149). I believe like Thomas Jefferson did that laws that forbid the carrying of arms, disarm only those who are neither inclined nor determined to commit crimes. In the future crime rates might drop, but that does not mean that all violent crime will stop. Carrying a concealed weapon does not guarantee that you will not be a victim, but I think it will help to protect yourself.

Agricultural Genetic Engineering Essay -- Genes Farming Science Agricu

Agricultural Genetic Engineering The ability to directly modify living organisms is a novel human technology. Since the discovery of the DNA molecule the field of genetics has grown at an astounding rate. We now have the ability to alter organisms to fit our needs. This prospect offers the possibility of solving problems that have plagued humanity for thousands of years. In recent years genetically modified organisms have found many practical applications, particularly in the agricultural sector. Genetically modified organisms in this area, called transgenic crops (TC) are already being implemented on a considerably large scale. The possible benefits of utilizing TC has caused us avoid addressing important moral and ethical issues; commercialization of genetic technology is allowing premature mainstream adoption. It is imperative that we ask ourselves, is it ethical to implement TCs? Background: Some foundational understanding of the technology underlying TC production is necessary to adequately consider the issues at hand. To modify crops biologist use recombinant DNA (rDNA). This consists of extracting a gene producing a desirable trait from one organism and inserting it into the organism to be modified. Taking a gene for a desirable trait from a plant and amplifying its effect is also a method of genetic engineering using rDNA. The sources of genetic material to insert are almost boundless, crossing bounds between species and even forms of life. (1) Production of TC is similar to the practice of hybridization by selective breeding. This method of selecting desirable crop traits has been practiced since the domestication of plants to improve yields. (15p62) TC is a significantly more efficient way to achieve a s... .... Accepts Labeling Rules" Wall Street Journal 10/8/2001 <http://www.biotech-info.net/lift_moratorium.html> (12) "FDA'S Policy for Foods Developed by Biotechnology ", U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 1995 <http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/biopolcy.html#label> (13a) " Monsant vs Schmeiser" 5/22/2002 <http://www.percyschmeiser.com/> (13b) Court Transcript , "Monsanto Canada inc. and Monsanto Company vs Percy schmeiser and Schmeiser enterprises Ltd." 2001 <http://www.percyschmeiser.com/T1593-98-%20Decision.pdf> (14) Lambrecht, Bill , Dinner At the New Gene Cafe St. Martins Press, 2001 (15) McHughen, Alean, Pandora's Picnic Basket Ocford University Press, 2000 (p1)<http://www.colostate.edu/programs/lifesciences/TransgenicCrops/animation.html> (p2)<http://www.colostate.edu/programs/lifesciences/TransgenicCrops/images/cotton.jpg>

An Artist of the Floating World Essay

Today, we are going to talk about â€Å"The comparison of the English TV programs for adults and children†. As the objects of a comparison, we chose four programs: â€Å"㠁ˆã â€žÃ£ â€Ã£  §Ã£ â€šÃ£  Ã£  ¼Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"ã‚ »Ã£â€š µÃ£Æ'Ÿã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'ˆâ€  are for children; â€Å"ãÆ'ˆãÆ' ©Ã£Æ'Æ'ãÆ'‰ãÆ' »Ã£â€š ¸Ã£Æ' £Ã£Æ'‘ãÆ' ³Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"ï ¼â€œÃ£Æ' ¶Ã¦Å"ˆãÆ'ˆãÆ'ӋÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¨ © ±Ã¢â‚¬  are for adults. We would like to talk about five things in our presentation. First of all I will introduce each TV programs; next Ayaka will talk about the â€Å"Entertainment†; next Keiko will talk about â€Å"Output/Input†; then, Risa will talk about â€Å"pronunciation†, finally, I would like to conclude our discussion. Before going to the main topics, I would like to show you the detail of each programs briefly. â€Å"㠁ˆã â€žÃ£ â€Ã£  §Ã£ â€šÃ£  Ã£  ¼Ã¢â‚¬  is an English education program for preschoolers and younger primary school children; it broadcasts on NHK educational channel. The program has started since 1990. In 2010, the program marked its 20th anniversary. This program is aired from 8:45 a.m. to 8:55 a.m. weekdays, Monday to Friday. (Now I will show you this movie for a little.) â€Å"ã‚ »Ã£â€š µÃ£Æ'Ÿã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'ˆâ€  is an education program for children produced and directed by an American non-profit TV production office called ‘Children’s Television Workshop’/ ‘Sesame Workshop’. This program has been popular among more than 140 counties and regions since its debut in 1969 on American TV. â€Å"ãÆ'ˆãÆ' ©Ã£Æ'Æ'ãÆ'‰ãÆ' »Ã£â€š ¸Ã£Æ' £Ã£Æ'‘ãÆ' ³Ã¢â‚¬  is showing the Japanese culture in English for foreigners. This is a program that people can become to understand the professional English and to speak succinctly and clarity. This program has started since 2009, and you can watch it from 6:00 a.m. to 6:20 a.m. on every Tuesday. (I will show you this program.) â€Å"ï ¼â€œÃ£Æ' ¶Ã¦Å"ˆãÆ'ˆãÆ'ӋÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¨ © ±Ã¢â‚¬  is a language program aired from 10:00 p.m. to 10:20 p.m. on every Wednesday on NHK educational channel. This program has 3 months period for each topic. For example, ‘è © ±Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã¨ Å¾Ã£  Ã¥ â€"ã‚‹ï ¼ Ã£Æ' Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'†ã‚ £Ã£Æ'â€"ç™ ºÃ©Å¸ ³Ã¥ ¡ ¾Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘ãÆ'ˆãÆ'Æ'ãÆ'â€"ã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ¿Ã£Æ'“ãÆ' ¥Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£  «Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã£  ¶Ã¯ ¼ Ã¨â€¡ ªÃ¥Ë†â€ Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¨ ªÅ¾Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã¨ ¡ ¨Ã§  ¾Ã¨ ¡â€œÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ etc. From these topics, we chose ‘è  ´Ã£   è ª ­Ã£â€šâ‚¬ ã‚ Ã£ â€¹Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã¯ ¼ Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¦â€"‡å ­ ¦Ã£  ®Ã¥  Ã¤ ½Å"Ã¥   ´Ã©  ¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ for today’s presentation. [Conclusion] Through these discussions, we could find various inventions of each program. For children, the programs are produced to focus on the purpose to make children have some interests to English. Therefore, the producer especially tries to reinforce its entertainment using songs, games, pictures etc. We found that children imitate the teacher’s pronunciation, sentences, phrases, and words more easily than adults. So, it is important to teach the second language by the interaction of instructors and learners. As a result, the English knowledge that children could acquire by these TV programs will help to open many opportunities for them in the future. On the other hand, the programs for adults are produced to focus on the purpose of flexible contents. As a result, they can choose the field what they really interested in; they are able to acquire the topic thoroughly. We thought there is interactive effect as well: like conversation with native speakers. The conversations with native speakers speaking in English enable the learners to be generally fluent in speaking English. Basically, it is important to make the learner have interest to English; however, the most important thing is to create programs tailored for each target.

Nietzsches Overman In The Will To Power Essays - Free Essays

Nietzsche's Overman In The Will To Power Essays - Free Essays Nietzsche's Overman In The Will To Power The existential philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche believed that humanity nedded to be overcome. He viewed humans as weak creatures and slaves to the Christian religion. In The Will to Power, Nietzsche asserts the poer of the overman a creature beyond Christian good and evil to replace the passive man. To understand the book, it is first necessary to understand what Nietzsche means by 'The Will to Power'. Denneson describes this as a 'psychological presupposition' which assumes that humans are always attempting to inflict their wills upon others (Denneson, 1). When considering the use of the term 'ubermensch' or 'overman' in this work, it is also necessary to understand exactly what Nietzsche means by this term. This is seen by many as the way in which he refers to a 'superhuman'. In the past, many comparisons wre made between Nietzsche's overman and the Nazi idea of the superior race. However, this has been re-evaluated by many scholars, and the comparison is no longer seen in the same light. The overman is seen as the next step up from normal humans; this creature could even be interpreted as the next step up the evolutionary ladder. The overman is not isolated to just this work; we see Nietzsche talk about this creature in other works such as Thus Spoke Zarathustra and The Antichrist. The idea is not new, but at best, it is still controversial (Cross, 1). The Will to Power, which results from these two books, contains various metaphors and generalizations which display contradictions and tensions (Harman, 2). The philosophies which underlie all of Nietzsche's writing are themselves contradictory; they both celebrate and embrace the humanity of man, whilst holding it in contempt and insulting it at the same time (Cross, 7). The concept oof the overman appears to be a contradiction in itself, reflecting the views that Nietzsche himself expresses about the human condition. The creature is dichotomy, seeing himself as superior and a master of his environment, but simultaneously he hates his human self, seeing his weaknesses and flaws. In this manner of representation, one must question if this creature could ever become a reality. Cross argues that the overmanis a contradiction in terms of existence which cannot be resolved due to the constraints which Nietzsche applies to this hypothetical creature. Cross states, this creature can only succeed in negating himself, and, in essence, can never truly exist at all. Nietzsche has the view that mankind as it exists is a disease of a 'sickness' which is destroying itself, reflecting the porr nature of a modern man and his lack of pro-activism, being seen as a purely passive creature unalbe to rebel and define his life. Nietzsche further argues that the passive reaction of the occurrences in society are the result of the Christian religion (Cross, 2). Nietzche's view of man's 'sickness' reveals itself very strongly in The Antichrist, but The Will to Power also displays his view. This book reflects Nietzsche's belief that all creatures, whatever they are, have a requirement and a need to follow commands of some sort. The freedom of the overman is that the individual despises what he is and has been, and in this is able to learn to command himself. However, this is a difficult and self-destructive process. The perception of the comand over power is an interesting one; it is not the straight forward meaning of control over others, but also the control over one's self. In The Will to Power, Nietzsche sees those who look to improve themselves as looking to the 'will to truth'. However, he argues that in doing this, they are not really seeking new values, but that htey are trying to find a way of bringing all men under the same code of understanding. In effect, they are bringing them all further to the weaknesses for which he blames Christianity. Nietzsche says he believes that a man who acts out of laziness, or does not act for the same reason is bad, and this passive stance allows the weaknesses of society to become more entrenched and accepted, this becoming of a self-fulfilling prophecy the more it happens, the more it will cause its continuation. The passive man does not display

The starting position Essay Example

The starting position Essay Example The starting position Essay The starting position Essay The test for improvement over two weeks. Through the period of the first two weeks I have been working on general fitness and also agility training a good test to examine the progress would be the Illinois it tests speed at the beginning agility in the middle and speed at the end. Week Three Aim: For much of this the aim is to improve the muscle, which are situated in the leg area. Doing a varied amount of exercise at different reps should accomplice this.The Calves, quads, hamstrings and groin are all used in the running, jumping twisting and turning that are done on the court. Improving the strength in these areas will benefit your game. Day 1: Calves Holding dumb-bells in each hand, with feet pointing forward shoulder width apart, go up on to your toes staying balanced and return to the ground. Do this repetitively doing ten reps at a time holding for 5 seconds each time.Day2: Quads A way working the quads is to do leg extensions. Make sure that the seat of the leg extension machine is in the correct position, with your knee joint parallel with the lower hinge of the machine, and that you are comfortable. Starting with legs bent, straighten them until they are fully extended out in front of you. Hold here for a couple of seconds then return to starting position. Day 3: Hamstrings The hamstrings, the muscle in the back of your thigh are the best worked with a leg curl machine. There are two types: one on which you lie face down (prone) and one on which you are seated.In the prone position place your heels under the pads and have your knees just off the end of the bench. Make sure you hips stay in contact with the bench throughout the movement. Curl the rollers up to your backside and return them to the starting position. In the seated position make sure that the knee is parallel with the pivot on the lower arm of the machine. Put your ankles on top of the footpads and place the kneepads securely on your knees. Bend at the knee, tucking you legs under the seat as far as you can, then return to the strain position.Day 4: Groin Adductor: The most common adductor exercise is performed using a seated adduction machine in a gym. Sit comfortably and place your legs in the holders. Bring your heels together and when contact is made return to the starting position. Alternating, standing upright, place a soft ball in between your feet. Squeeze your heels together and hold for a count of ten seconds. You could also do this seated with the ball between your knees.In athletics we have to be strong in the upper body because it had to act as a counterbalance for our legs.Day 1: Shoulders: sides/lateral rises Take a dumbbell in each hand with a firm grip. Placing your arms at your sides palms inwards, raise both arms at the same tome keeping them slightly bent at the elbow until the dumbbells are at shoulder length. Once there lower them down back to your side and repeat do this 25 times. Day 2:Front shoulder rises Take a pair of dumbbells, both hands in front of you, palms facing inwards, dumbbells resting on your thigh. Lift one is, at a time to shoulder height, keeping the elbow lightly bent and return to the starting.Day 3:Shoulder press Taking dumbbells in both hands, place your hands by your ears palms facing to your head. Push the weight above your head until your arms are straight, making sure that you keep your arms in the same plane as your body and your back straight. Dont lean back. Bring your arms back down to your ears and repeat. Day 4 Shoulder press/fixed machine Taking a good-seated positing with the bat parallel to your eras push the bar above your head until your arms are straight. Lower back to starting position and repeat.Day 5: Press up. Straighten your arms and go up into your feet, so that only your hands ands toes are in contact with the floor, keep your body in a straight line, dont allow your backside to wave around in the air, or your hips top sag towards the floor. Now, bend your elbows and lower yourself close to the floor without actually touching it. Then straighten your arms and press yourself back up to the starting position.

How to Write a Marketing Resume That Will Help Land Your Dream Job

How to Write a Marketing Resume That Will Help Land Your Dream Job Writing a marketing resume isn’t easy. If you consider yourself a writer by trade, that sentiment might feel ironic. But, it’s true. Summarizing your history and skills in one page is tough, especially when your future career prospects hang in the balance. No pressure or anything, though. Fortunately, it’s a skill you can develop. This post is geared toward the following folks: College students and recent graduates looking for internships and entry-level jobs. Experienced marketers applying for their next opportunity. Marketing managers and HR professionals researching what to look for when hiring various marketing roles. Get ready to learn more about resuming writing than you might have thought you need to know. How to Write a Marketing Resume That Will Help Land Your Dream Job by @Ben_via Table of Contents: A Story Free Marketing Resume Template Are Resumes Still Important? What Makes Getting Yours Noticed So Difficult? What Does An Effective Resume Look Like? Planning Your Resume Formatting Your Resume Writing Your Resume Writing a Content Strategy Resume Writing a Social Media Marketing Resume Writing a Marketing Manager Resume Writing a Copywriting Resume Writing a Product Marketing Resume Writing a Public Relations Specialist Resume Writing an SEO Specialist Resume Writing a Marketing Project Manager Resume Writing a Paid Search/Social Resume Consider Creative Resume FormatsBut First, A Story †¦ When I was in college, I was worried I wouldn’t find an internship, nor a full-time job following that. The economy was down and prospects were slim, so getting a foot in the door didn’t look particularly easy. I had also never written a resume before, and given the circumstances, I knew mine needed to be good. Fortunately, I did have some relevant experience built up from working at the student newspaper, tutoring, and various freelance gigs. After doing extensive research online, I did my best to put one together would convince a hiring manager I deserved an opportunity. In order to make sure my efforts were up to par, I made an appointment at the university career center for a resume review. I thought they’d tear it apart, tell me everything that needed fixing, and send me on my way, ready to spend more time polishing it up. Instead, something else happened. After reading through my cover letter and resume, the student advisor looked up and said, â€Å"This looks really good. In fact, we’re going to use this as an example for other students to follow. Nice work!† That wasn’t the response I expected, but I was glad to take it. This is a 100% true story, and I’m not sharing it to boast, either. Instead, Im sharing this experience to show that  getting the job you want in this industry is an attainable goal. And it all starts with your resume. Steal My Marketing Resume Template Since then, I’ve used roughly the same template for every job I’ve applied for. It’s gotten me several internships, and all three of my full-time jobs in the industry (in ecommerce, at a mid-sized agency, and now at ). There’s nothing fancy about it, but it’s clean, clear, and it works. I’ve also adjusted it slightly to better fit different needs and experience levels. Here’s everything the bundle includes (each one is included in both Microsoft Word and iWork Pages formats): Marketing Internship Resume Template Entry-Level Marketing Resume Template (Less Than 2 Years Experience) General Marketing Resume Template (2+ Years Experience) Marketing Manager Resume Template (8+ Years Experience) Download the whole bundle now. Itll help you save time on formatting, so all you need to do is fill it in. Job hunting for your next marketing opportunity? Snag these free #marketing resume templates: Are Resumes Still Important? In a word, yes. While LinkedIn is a vital tool for demonstrating your skills and expertise, hiring managers still typically want to see a resume. It’s a big part of making a good first impression, so it’s important to get yours right. What Makes Getting Your Resume Noticed So Difficult? Hiring managers often have too many to look at. Most of the time, it really is that simple. According to Time, that’s why the average resume only gets looked at for six seconds. In order to stand out, you have to make yours look exceptional. Avoiding Resume Mistakes There is nothing worse than sinking hours into the perfect job application, only to have your efforts undone by unforced errors, like typos (this is especially important for marketers and writing-based roles). From not catching spelling errors to failing to tailor your resume to the role you’re applying for, Thomas Frank  does an excellent job of summarizing what not to do in this video: What Does an Effective Resume Look Like? It’s easier to replicate success when you have an example to follow. This template is closely based on one I created myself in college, and have used for the past decade. It’s clean and simple, but it has worked well in my experience: Here's how to write and format an effective #marketing resumeLater, toward the end of this post, you’ll also see examples from around the web, tailored toward specific marketing disciplines. Depending on the type of role you’re applying for, the format might need to change slightly, or highlight different types of skills. Planning Your Resume Before you start writing, it’s a good idea to prepare all the information you’ll need. You’ll need to round up previous work-related experience, contact references, summarize your strengths, and more. Know Who Will Be Reading Your Resume Every resume you send should be tailored toward the job you’re applying for. Generally, it’s a good idea to create one generic resume that you can adjust depending on the company or role you’re targeting. This doesn’t have to be rocket science. Start with these tips: Read the company’s website. This will give you an idea what they’re like. Research the company. What can you find out about them from news articles, blogs, or other third-party sources? Give their front desk a call or send an email. When it comes time to write a cover letter, it helps to address it to the right person. Find out who that is by making a quick inquiry (if that information isn’t easily available on a job listing). Recommended Reading: How to Find Your Target Audience and Create Content That Connects Assess Your Strengths Know what sets you apart as a candidate. Everyone is unique and possesses individual talents. Understanding them can help guide your career by emphasizing what you’re best at. If you haven’t before, it’s worth taking the StrengthsFinder self-assessment test. It’s a book that comes with a code you can use to login to a web-based survey that will help you better understand your strong points. This short video summarizes how it works: The marketing teams at recently took this test. Here’s what I learned: Having strengths in things like learning, ideation, and strategy are extremely useful for creating educational marketing content. Makes sense, right? I just wish I would have taken it sooner. Recommended Reading: How to Structure Modern Marketing Departments for Success Round Up References and Employment History If you’re new in your career, this may be a challenge if you don’t have much experience to lean on. When you submit a resume, include references on a separate sheet. Include the following information for each person: Name Company Job Title Phone Number Email Address Make sure you have permission to list each person on your application, so they aren’t surprised to get a phone call about you. Using people as references without permission is a major faux pas. Location. Location. Location. This step matters most if you’re applying for a job in another state or city, and will need to relocate. There are varying schools of thought on this, but this post will argue it’s best to be honest. Consider the following: If the job is within a commutable distance, use your own address. If you’d need to travel a longer distance for an interview, state that in your cover letter. If you can, consider using a friend or relative’s address in the city. Formatting Your Resume So, what should this thing look like? It’s an important question, and there are a handful of minor tweaks you can implement to improve formatting. Step 1. Pay Attention to Font Choices There are two types of fonts to pay attention to here: serif  and sans-serif. The graphic below illustrates the differences between the two: Source: Source: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-serif-and-sans-serif-typefaces There are key differences between serif and sans-serif fonts, and how they affect readability: According to Harshita Arora, sans-serif fonts offer a slight boost in readability. That’s why I used a sans-serif font on mine. Too many fonts is considered a negative for readability. Again, mine only uses one font (just in different formatting and sizing here and there). Using serif fonts isn’t going to ruin your resume if you’d really like to use them. You’ll probably still get hired. But, for ease of reading and skimming, limit yourself to two fonts, and lean toward sans-serif. Recommended Reading: How to Work With Designers With Authentic Advice From 's Designer Step 2: Consider Narrower Margins for Wider Sentence Length Resumes need to include a lot of information in very little space (ideally, within one page). One way to squeeze in more detail about yourself while retaining a clean look is to use narrow margins. This helps you fit more text per line. If you’re using Microsoft Word, you can easily set wider margins by clicking on the Layout tab: Next, click Margins. Then, select Narrow: This is how the template included in this post sets its margins. Step 4: Use Bold Text Selectively Bolded text can help important elements of your resume stand out. Consider bolding items such as: Your college and major/minor. Previous companies and job titles. That’s about it. Too much bolding can easily look obnoxious. Writing Your Resume You’re finally ready to start doing some actual writing. Here’s how to make sure you nail it. Step 1: Put Your Contact Information at the Top A hiring manager will need to know the best way to contact you, and where to find more information about yourself and qualifications. Make their job easier by including each of these items: Name: Include your full name. Street Address: See the previous tip on location. Email Address: Use something that sounds professional. yourname@gmail.com  looks better than party_guy_2000@yahoo.com  or something else embarrassing. Twitter Bio: This is considered essential for a good number of marketing jobs. Only share it here if you tweet about topics relevant to marketing, or the company’s industry where you’re applying. Portfolio: If you have an online portfolio, add a link here. You can also replace this with a blog or personal website URL, if it’s relevant to marketing. Some of this information is obvious. Other things like Twitter bios and portfolios, though, can be small enhancements that help you stick out as a candidate (as long as your social media presence is relevant and your portfolio is up to par). #Marketing #resume tip: include your contact information (along with your Twitter handle and...Step 2: Next, Include Your Education History In most cases, this will mean your college or university. Only list your high school if you didn’t attend college (no judgment hereI know people who have done well in digital marketing without attending or going into post-secondary education). Include the following: The type of degree you received: This means a Bachelor of Arts (BA) or Bachelor of Science (BS), Master of Arts (MA) or Master of Science (MS, or an Associates (AA). Your major and minor: This may be formatted differently depending on the details of your degree programs. For example, my degree was in Mass Communications, with an Emphasis in Print Journalism and Public Relations. Next, list your college:  Also include the month and year you graduated (or plan to graduate). A word about grade-point averages: in my experience, most marketing hiring managers don’t prioritize them. While high academic achievement reflects well on your work ethic, it’s your skills that are going to get you hired. So, should you bother listing your GPA? If your GPA is particularly strong, or you earned academic honors, then include them. Plus, if you’re in college and applying for a highly competitive internship, an employer may set a GPA threshold for applicants. If your grades weren’t great, you’re not doomed, as long as your portfolio demonstrates talent. Recommended Reading: How to Create an Awesome Online Course By Repurposing Old Content Step 3: List Professional Awards If you’re active in your community, or have a little bit of work-related experience, you may have been recognized for your efforts. Some examples might include: Academic honors for high-performing marketing students. Awards from professional or student organizations. Business and civic associations. Even if its not directly related to marketing, any sort of educational, business, or professional development awards you’ve earned are great ways to help you stand out. Step 4: Include Previous Speaking Engagements If you get the opportunity to speak at an industry event, take advantage of it. It’s a great way to share your knowledge, and you often learn more about your topic by trying to explain it to others. They also show a willingness to volunteer your time to help others, and indicate a high level of competency in the field. Don’t have anything to put here? No worries. Just consider this tip something to think about. Have you spoken at an industry event? Include details on your resume.Step 5: Lay Out Your Most Relevant Technical Skills Once the general â€Å"about yourself† content is completed, it’s time to get down to your capabilities. If you’ve gone through college, have some work experience, or have a relevant side hustle, then you have some skills. However, it’s important to prioritize the ones that are most relevant to the job you’re applying for, and the ones where you’re most proficient. Here are some examples of skills you might need: Writing. Research. Proficiency with Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. SEO. Data analysis. Branding. Campaign strategy. HTML/CSS. Adobe CC (Photoshop, Illustrator, etc.) This is a general list, but you get the idea. The specific skills you might need to develop or highlight will depend on the specific type of role you’re applying for as well, which this post will cover later on. Now, what if you’re making a career change and don’t have what you think is relevant experience? In that case, it’s time to get creative, and determine how your existing skill set might transfer. Here are some examples: Are you a skilled researcher? Has your past work experience required a heavy amount of writing or design? Do you know how to analyze data and extract meaningful insights from it? Is project management and organized teams an area of strength for you? Recommended Reading: The 48 Most Essential Marketing Skills You Need to Be Successful in 2018 Step 6: List Your Professional Experience Here, start with your most recent relevant job position. Then, work your way backward chronologically. If you have too many to list, or if you’re applying for a senior role where you have lots of experience (say, maybe 10 years or more), then consider adding a second page to your resume. Otherwise, choose other areas to trim down, or include just your top three or four jobs. Be sure to include: Company. Job Title. Employment Dates. Once you have the basic information out of the way, add your responsibilities and accomplishments. While a hiring manager will want to know what you had on your plate at a past job, they’ll be more impressed with what you actually achieved. So, make your experience stand out by doing this: Make it clear how your work positively impacted the business. Use statistics. â€Å"Increased traffic by 75% and conversions by 8%† sounds better than â€Å"Increased traffic and conversions.† Illustrate times where you’ve shown initiative. Maybe there was a problem you solved, or a major win you scored for the company without being asked.